Media Censorship A Powerful And Controversial Issue...

Media censorship has been both powerful and controversial issue throughout history of mankind. Every countries’ citizens have had their lives affected by the way their government controls and censors what they see in the media. People around the world react to censorship differently due to the country they live in. Some people were born in a place with little censorship while others were born in a country where the government has complete control over everything. This can impact the way a person develops as some people will believe everything they hear and others will question everything they see and hear. Media censorship has been used effectively to control how citizens’ view on the world in Nazi Germany and in the USSR, but social†¦show more content†¦14). The main reason I’m mentioning all the changes in the media is to show how much of an impact technology has on citizens’ lives. People in the 21st century rely on the media for almost all of their information. If the government were to control the information the public views in the media people would begin to either become completely brainwashed or rebel. As seen in history the German people had become brainwashed under the control of the Nazi party while many people today fight for freedom of speech when drawing controversial cartoons (of Mohammad). Both extremes can lead to violence between the government and its citizens. People today can access the media through mobile devices. Since we are constantly looking down at our phones we are always being exposed to what the government wants us to see. The more we use the media the more likely we are to be impacted by what it tells us. Media censorship isn’t as effective as it used to be due to the creation of social media. Social media allows everyday citizens to communicate with other people and access various information, even content that the government restricts. This has opened the door to people discussing th ings such as government conspiracy theories. You would absolutely never see anything on television (made by the government) that talks about things the government is hiding. This is the reason why it’s so difficult for people to control what the

The Origins And Consequences Of The August 25 Uprising

In Bruce K. Rutherford’s writing â€Å"Egypt: The Origins and Consequences of the January 25 Uprising† Rutherford identifies the five key political actors/entities that are important in contemporary Egyptian politics. He recognizes the liberals, the Muslim Brotherhood, the Salafis, the military and remnants of the old regime as being some of the primary instigators in Egypt today. (Rutherford) When Mubarak was ousted in 2011, the citizens of Egypt identifying with liberal political views split into several political parties such as the: Wafd, Justice Party, Free Egyptians, Democratic Front Party, Social Democratic Party and the Free Egypt Party. The overarching interest of these liberal groups is to establish a liberal democracy in Egypt. They want to see constitutional order within Egypt in which military and religious institutions do not play a role in politics, but where the people run the government and the political system, best representing their (the majorityâ₠¬â„¢s) interests. These liberal groups generally campaign for an elected parliament, state power being divided into three branches, and equal rights for all of Egypt’s citizens paying no mind to race or gender, with the government protecting all of its’ citizens basic rights. (Rutherford) The primary interests of the moderate Muslim Brotherhood have fluctuated in the past based upon who were the strong individual figures within the organization. The Muslim Brotherhood has its own political party – The Freedom andShow MoreRelated The Mexican Peso Crisis: Could it have been stopped before it began?3254 Words   |  14 Pagespopulation. Although the government began to rectify the situation during the early 1990’s through revenue sharing plans and improved social welfare programs, the problem was far from rectified by 1994. On January 1, rebels in Chiapas began a violent uprising in protest of rampant poverty, which prevailed in the region. Although the government increased its resources to the areas, the peasant population had grown tired of what it viewed as a lack of effective action on the part of national policy makersRead MoreA Third World Country Report of Iraq Essay3205 Words   |  13 PagesRasool Nafisi Sociology 300 A term paper presented to the General Studies Department Strayer University Online in partial fulfillment for the completion of Sociology 300 General Studies Department (Sociology) Strayer University Online August 2011 TABLE OF CONTENTS Dependency and Modernization Theories†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 4 Religion and Politics†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 5 Democracy and Dictatorship†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 6 Ethnic- Cultural Divisions†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Read MoreEssay on The Irish Republican Army Ideology3789 Words   |  16 Pageseconomic effects. 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Again and again, I encounter students who are interested in reggae music and the music of Bob Marley, but they remain deeply puzzled by Rastafarianism because of its seeminglyRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 Pagesdecades of agrarian and industrial depression from the late 1860s to the 1890s, as well as the social tensions and political rivalries that generated and were in turn fed by imperialist expansionism, one cannot begin to comprehend the causes and consequences of the Great War that began in 1914. That conflict determined the contours of the twentieth century in myriad ways. On the one hand, the war set in motion transformative processes that were clearly major departures from those that defined the

Corporate Governance Principles and Policies

Question: Discuss about the Corporate Governance for Principles and Policies. Answer: Introduction Dick Smith Holdings, a well-known electronic retailer was represented a positive prospects of the business in August 2015. However, the press of the company was announced the administration that the share price had fallen 80% and in January 2016 (Dicksmith.com.au 2016). Subsequently, the market researchers identified that the company was fall short in revenue optimization due to disappointing sales figure and generation of the cash in the second quarter of 2015-16. Dick Smith Holdings was eventually collapsed after several small investors collectively lost millions of dollars. Since 2016, a halt in trading was requested and on 5th January 2016, the company was placed into administration by its creditors. In this assignment, the actual facts regarding the financial conditions of Dick Smith Holdings will be evaluated. However, the main objective is to provide a brief summary of the ownership history of the Dick Smith Holdings brand by addressing ethical dilemmas facing by Anchorage Capital Partners in respect of the floatation of the business and the directors and senior executives of Dick Smith Holdings in respect of the providing reports and accounts of the company. History of Ownership Dick Smith Holdings Limited was acquired from the Woolworths in November 2012. As young electronics technicians with his passion for everything with wires, Dick Smith had started his commercial journey with the investment of $610 in 1968, by focusing towards installing and servicing car radios. During the expansion phase, the company had grown to 20 stores in the year of 1980 (Dicksmith.com.au 2016). However, 60 percent of the companys working share had sold to Woolworths Limited in this journey. Later, Dick sold their balance to Woolworths within the close span of time and thus, Woolworths took full ownership of Dick Smith Holdings Limited after paying the total of AU$25million. Historically, Dick Smith, thus, was owned by him and his wife until 1982 and later Woolworths took its ownership control from the founder of the company. In the year 2012, Woolworths has given its ownership by selling their shares to Anchorage Capital Partners against receiving AU$20 millions from the acquir er, who later floated its shares on the Australian Security Exchange in the year of 2013 (Dicksmith.com.au 2016). After the successfully inclusion on the ASX in December 2013, the newly transformed, Dick Smith Holdings Limited, was subsequently sold down their ownership in September 2014 for handling the financial debacle (Dicksmith.com.au 2016). However, the company would like to retain their stake of 20 percent with Anchorage Capital Partners for the future period. In May 2016, online retailer Kogan.com acquired the brand name, intellectual property and its online business in New Zealand and Australia of Dick Smith and began taking over its operations. Ethical Considerations faced Anchorage Capital Partners During the disappointing sales record and cash generation, the investors of Dick Smith Holdings Limited lost millions of dollars because of the company financial debacle. Though this financial results was unexpected because the listed shares of the company on the ASX previously disclosed a healthy position of the company in the market (Dicksmith.com.au 2016). After that collapse, several market participants along with the founder owner of the business were criticized that Anchorage Capital Partners misrepresented the true value and financial condition of the firm at the time listing of the business on the ASX in 2013 (Tricker 2015). Since then, Anchorage Capital Partners has been facing ethical allegation from Dick Smith Holdings Limited. In other words, Anchorage Capital Partners was criticized for private equity heist as the collective responses from Dick Smith and other investors of the company. Woolworths sold Dick Smith Holdings Limited to Anchorage Capital Partners for $94m in 2012, and this private equity firm floated the business just 15 months later the moment five times that amount (Keating 2016). During the restructure of the business, Anchorage, the company was marking down the assets of Dick Smith including the considerable of inventory, later selling that at a discount and posting attractive earnings figures (Harford, Mansi and Maxwell 2012). After such misstated figure published through the ASX, Dick Smith had been generated more interests from the shareholders of the company. As flotation is the vital process of changing a private company into a public company by issuing shares an soliciting the public to purchase them, Anchorage Capital Partners was bound to provide the true value in front of investors (Krambia-Kapardis 2016). After that floatation, thus, Anchorage Capital Partners needs to be considered the detail about bought and sold of the assets which made routinely made public. Before the starting of the floatation process, Anchorage should have been ethically considered the current financial position and corresponding abilities during the purchasing ownership of the business from Woolworths against the payment for ownership for $20 millions (Nelson, Proell and Randel 2016). However, the company made $500 million after listing of the stock with the help of Anchorage Capital Partners after the time gap of just fifteen months represented a greedy, dishonest and immoral sides off the business. In result, Anchorage Capital Partners has still been facing the ethical dilemmas because this private equity group has pulled off one of the great heists of all the time by turning Dick Smith from a $20m to $520m. This has raised an ethical dilemma. According to Nelson, Proell and Randel (2016), the inventory write down is the most vital step in the short term. This private equity company does not considered those inventory which Dick Smith would about to sell. Furthermore, Anchorage did not write down the value of the inventory because it represents loss which would show up in the statement of financial of Dick Smith. It would definitely make it hard to float the business. Thus it was an intentional and unethical business practice followed by Anchorage made for only floating purpose. On the other side, Dick Smiths collapse was happened in sudden consequences, made responsible Anchorage because they misrepresented the true value and prospects of the firm when it listed the business o n the ASX in 2013 (Dicksmith.com.au 2016). Additionally, several numbers of times the ownership has been changed which indicates that the company does not have the sustainable corporate governance. This has also raised an ethical concern. Ethical Considerations faced DSH directors and Senior Executives The director and senior executives of DSH was criticized about how the company could go from reporting record profits in August to calling in administrators in the first days in January, and represented the huge profit Anchorage made buying and selling the business August 2012 and December 2013 (Lau 2016). Furthermore, the representatives were also being criticized because there were several historical facts about the business had been overlooked. The biggest unethical dilemma exists regarding the information given to the ASX while listing in 2013. According to the Australian Stock Market guidelines provided to all the listing members that information, honest disclosures and high standards of integrity must be shared with the authority to get the fundamental information to shareholders. Unfortunately, the senior management people did not mention this kind of confidential financial information to the Australian Shareholder Board and breach ethical integrity and accountability. In fact they disclosed their healthy financial position in the annual report of 2015 (Dicksmith.com.au 2016). Furthermore, the responsible authority of the company failed to lay solid foundations for the committee for providing an effective risk management framework and corporate governance. Thus ethical considerations regarding the adequacy of the corporate reporting process was missing. Thus, they failed to safeguard integrity in corporate reporting. For instance, the collapse of DSH was responsible for the closing of 3300 jobs which can be considered as the unethical behavior of the company. According to Keating (2016), roles and responsibilities of the senior management, towards the shareholders and other stakeholders were not followed any ethical perspectives. The directors and senior executives, on the other hand, failed create values for the fund investors after entering into the private equity ownerships. During that time, the authorities of DSH failed to sustain their improvement, in either or both operating efficiencies and the generation of revenue. The potential value of private equity and venture capital largely impacts on the national economies because it has the capability to reduce agency costs. However, it depends on certain market conditions and the senior managerial authorities was paid little attentions and proved their incompetent management or lack of focus on value creation. The main problem rose due to separation of ownership and control. The DSH management never took their ownership control since the year of 1982 and the company faced criticism to function in the acquisition market, either trade buyer or the public stock market. This is the reason the senior executives and directors failed to capture value by the privat e equity firm, Anchorage Capital Partners and thus, contribute to the national economy by reducing the agency costs. By representing the overstated financial conditions in the global security platform (ASX), the managerial authorities of DSH failed on the ground of ethics and had shown a lack of contribution in realizing the actual value creation. Conclusion After discussing all the ethical facts and approaches taken by the companies throughout the years, this can be easily concluded that Dick Smiths collapse was not anticipated by the investors. The management of the company did not even follow managerial ethics because of the rare risk management programs followed by the organization. Furthermore, the management represented their books of accounts to ensure the adequate return to business which leads untrusting relationship with the shareholders. References: Adams, M.A., 2016. Contemporary case studies in corporate governance failures. Governance Directions, 68(6), p.335. Chen, V., Ramsay, I. and Welsh, M.A., 2016. Corporate law reform in Australia: An analysis of the influence of ownership structures and corporate failure. Australian Business Law Review, 44(1), pp.18-34. Dicksmith.com.au. (2016). [online] Available at: https://www.dicksmith.com.au [Accessed 2 Sep. 2016]. Harford, J., Mansi, S.A. and Maxwell, W.F., 2012. Corporate governance and firm cash holdings in the US. In Corporate Governance (pp. 107-138). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. Keating, E. 2016. The timeline of Dick Smith: From humble beginnings to $520 million float and voluntary administration. Retrieved April 4, 2016, from Smart Coompany: https://www.smartcompany.com.au/finance/64510-the-timeline-of-dick-smith-from-a-home-garage-business-to-million-float-and-now-voluntary-administration/ Krambia-Kapardis, M., 2016. Corporate Fraud and Corruption: A Holistic Approach to Preventing Financial Crises. Springer. Lau, A., 2016. ASA stands up for shareholders. Equity, 30(4), p.10. Nelson, M.W., Proell, C.A. and Randel, A.E., 2016. Team-Oriented Leadership and Auditors' Willingness to Raise Audit Issues. The Accounting Review. Safari, M., Cooper, B.J. and Dellaportas, S., 2016. The influence of remuneration structures on financial reporting quality: evidence from Australia. Australian Accounting Review, 26(1), pp.66-75. Tricker, B., 2015. Corporate governance: Principles, policies, and practices. Oxford University Press, USA.

The irrationality of human existence within the The Outsider by Albert Camus and A Dolls House by Henrik Ibsen Essay Example

The irrationality of human existence within the The Outsider by Albert Camus and A Dolls House by Henrik Ibsen Paper The Outsider reflects Camus philosophical theory, referred to as the theory of the absurd, that there is no rational meaning in human existence. He believes that humanity is unable to accept this truth and so search for meaning where, in actual fact, none exists. This idea is explored implicitly through the character of Meursault, the narrator and protagonist of the novel. Moreover, aspects of Camus theory can be identified within Ibsens play, A Dolls House. The play illustrates humanitys search for meaning of which Camus suggests, although Ibsens intention was merely to portray the oppression of nineteenth century marriages. In the novel The Outsider, the protagonist, Meursault, is depicted as a man who does not possess any rational meaning in his thoughts or actions. When put in a room with several other prisoners, most of them Arabs1 and is asked what he had done unlawful, Meursault simply replies that he killed an Arab1. Then, he carries on recounting other aspects of the occasion such as his sleeping mat and how he could just see the sea2 through the tiny window. This scene demonstrates how Meursault is not concerned with judgment as he does not ponder over what should or should not be said in order to conform to the accepted morals of society. His candid reply exhibits his irrational nature, both in thought and action, seeing as he does not think any further of the incident or have an explanation for what had happened. In addition, he carries on noticing the physical matters surrounding him despite their insignificance to the situation. We will write a custom essay sample on The irrationality of human existence within the The Outsider by Albert Camus and A Dolls House by Henrik Ibsen specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The irrationality of human existence within the The Outsider by Albert Camus and A Dolls House by Henrik Ibsen specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The irrationality of human existence within the The Outsider by Albert Camus and A Dolls House by Henrik Ibsen specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Camus creates such a character to exemplify the true nature of human beings, according to him. He does not make it so that Meursault is a supporter of societys customs in order to clarify the characters status as an outsider. Meursault is perceived as an outsider to society because of his acceptance that there is no rational meaning in human existence. Furthermore, his way of thinking and the way he acts show no basis on reason, but more so, on irrationality. This proves that, for Meursault, rational meaning is nonexistent. Camus emphasizes this through the simple language used throughout the novel. He writes in first person perspective and without the use of adjectives and metaphors to reflect Meursaults straightforward nature and how his interest lies in physical truth rather than interpretations. An illustration is when Meursault receives a telegram from the home. It announces: Mother passed away3. Meursault only states that it could have happened today or yesterday but that he do esnt know. This reveals his concern for the physical truth and his lack of response to the situation. He does not continue on to expressing his sentiment which also illustrates his indifference to humanity. In contrast to Meursaults character, Ibsen creates his protagonist as one who does base thoughts and actions on the basis of rationality. When asked if it ever occurred to Nora Helmer, the protagonist of Ibsens play A Dolls House, that she was committing fraud by forging a signature on an official paper, she replies that it didnt mean anything to her because, at the time, her husband was in a critical state4. She then reasons for the fraud by saying she couldnt stand4 the man she made the deal with as he went through all those cold-blooded formalities4 knowing the difficult situation she was in. Unlike Meursault, Nora seems to be concerned with judgment as she attempts to justify her misdeed with an explanation. This is a representation of what Camus mentions in his theory as Nora searches for a rational meaning in order to conform to the social and moral standards set by society. Initially, Nora is conveyed as a complete adherent to the conventions of society. She did not question nineteenth century marriage norms and accepted her status as a wife and mother. Her husband, Torvald, addressed her as a little sky-lark5, a little squirrel6 as well as a little singing bird7. The recurrence of the word little suggests Noras insignificance and expresses Torvalds condescending attitude towards her. Further, these pet names signify her as purely a plaything. Nora is also symbolized as a plaything by the Christmas tree mentioned at the beginning of the play. She is comparable to a Christmas tree as it possesses a physical beauty about it and can also evoke feelings of warmth as a mother does. However, both the tree and Nora seem to be simple household decorations to Torvald as opposed to anything with genuine worth. As the play progresses, Nora finds herself being more and more oppressed by her marriage and decides to leave behind her family in search of an identity independent from her own as a wife and mother. Her rebellion against her family, and especially her husband, is foreshadowed at the very start of the play as she takes a bag of macaroons out of her pocket and eats one or two5 against her husbands favor. When asked of the matter, she lies directly to him and states that she would never dream of doing anything8 that he didnt want her to. This remark contrasts to Meursaults frank nature as Noras deceitful personality is revealed. Additionally, Noras departure explores Camus theory in the way which she attempts to find meaning in her own existence. By leaving behind her family, she believes she will discover her true identity as somebody more than just a wife and mother. Ibsen uses irony to present this situation by symbolizing Nora as the singing bird which her husband regularly addressed her as. He tells her that she mustnt go dropping her wings7 but, in reality, she does quite the opposite she flies away. The bird is a symbol for her freedom as it is able to fly freely without the limitations of its cage, in Noras case, without the limitations of being a wife and mother. In The Outsider, humanitys search for meaning is also communicated, however, through the other characters rather than the protagonist. Camus uses the motif of observations to exemplify how endless this search for meaning is. In the courtroom of Meursaults trail, the judge observes a witness for a rational answer to either convict or discharge Meursault for the murder previously committed. In response, the witness again repeated9 a futile statement that results in him being asked to sit back down. This scene demonstrates how people attempt to give rational explanations to irrational actions. As the prosecutor is unable to find a rational meaning behind the murder, Meursault is condemned to death for being a menace, or merely an outsider, to the customs of society. His trail beforehand is incorporated to encapsulate humanitys attempt to find rational meaning. It is an illustration of the theory of the absurd because, in the end, there is no rational meaning, and so, this scene successf ully depicts Camus belief that to find rationality in an irrational world is prone to be a failure. This motif of observation also communicates Meursaults emotional detachment, mentioned earlier, as he describes things only as they are, without any interpretation or judgment of it. This detachment is significant as it verifies Meursaults status as an outsider to humanity. He does not do as the majority of people would: form opinions. An illustration of this is when Meursault observes the peculiar little woman10 dining at Celestes. He notices all the physical details such as how she took out a blue pencil11 to write with and the magazine which gave the radio programmes for the week11. He notices these details of color and subject without thinking any deeper about them and, within moments, he forgets about her. This is ironic as she is very similar to Meursault himself yet he regards her as peculiar. Both Camus and Ibsen also explore how appearances can disguise reality. Ibsen displays this through Noras drastic change in character from a seemingly unintelligent and simpleminded woman to someone of strong will and independence, whilst Camus shows that Meursaults appearance as a menacing person is all along masked by societys perception of him as an outsider. In conclusion, both protagonists accept their reality and experience what freedom is to them. For Meursault, he accepts the reality that he is truly an outsider to society whereas for Nora, she accepts the reality that she is not fitted as a wife or mother. For that reason, she decides leave, against the conventions of her time, in order to pursue her own aspirations. However, if Camus philosophy were to be applied to Ibsens play, then Noras search for meaning would ultimately be a failure as no meaning would exist in the first place.